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Epoxy flooring in pharma is a seamless, non-porous resin floor system used in manufacturing, packaging, QC labs, and warehouses to support GMP cleanliness, durability, and contamination control. Its main value is that it creates a surface that is easy to…

The molybdenum spot test in pharma is a quick, on-the-spot positive material identification (PMI) screening test used mainly to confirm whether stainless-steel items in contact with product/utility are molybdenum-bearing grades (e.g., SS316/316L) rather than molybdenum-free grades (e.g., SS304). This matters…

Calculator validation in pharma ensures that any calculator used for GMP decisions produces accurate, consistent, and traceable results. It applies to calculators used for critical calculations in manufacturing, QC, QA, engineering, and validation—such as assay calculations, dilution factors, yields, label…

A Purified Water (PW) system in pharma is a controlled utility designed to generate, store, and distribute water that meets pharmacopeial requirements for chemical purity and microbiological quality. PW is widely used for non-sterile product manufacturing, equipment cleaning, and as…

A BMR (Batch Manufacturing Record) and BPR (Batch Packaging Record) checklist ensures each batch is made and packed exactly as approved, with complete traceability, GMP compliance, and data integrity. Below is a practical checklist used by QA BMR Checklist (Manufacturing)…

Purified Water System 1) Feed water & pretreatmentPW usually starts from potable water. Pretreatment protects the purification equipment and typically includes multimedia filter (particles), activated carbon (removes chlorine), softener (hardness control), and cartridge filtration. Proper chlorine/chloramine control is essential to…

Purified Water (PW) system qualification in pharma is the documented proof that the PW system is designed, installed, operated, and performs consistently to deliver water meeting your defined chemical and microbiological requirements at all points of use—throughout routine operation. 1)…

In the Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) checklist, Schedule M – Point 39.21 requires inspectors to verify the procedure for handling and disposal of chemical and microbial waste (typically assessed in/around the microbiology laboratory and related waste handling areas). CDSCO What the…

In a risk-based inspection, WHO TRS 986 – Point 39.17 (as used in the risk-based inspection checklist) requires inspectors to verify the firm’s procedure for (1) selecting environmental monitoring (EM) sampling locations and (2) interpreting EM results for the sterile…

Risk Based Inspection (RBI) – Schedule M Point 34.14 (in the CDSCO RBI checklist) checks whether the Batch Packaging Record (BPR) for each batch covers all points required by WHO TRS 986 and PIC CDSCO What the inspector is verifying…